Badania utworów karbonu prowadzone przez Instytut Geologiczny na Dolnym Śląsku

Abstract

Omówiono najważniejsze wyniki badań utworów karbońskich prowadzonych przez pracowników Instytutu Geologicznego w latach 1947 - 1977 na Dolnym Śląsku. Badania te dotyczyły zagadnień stratygraficznych, tektonicznych, strukturalnych, kartograficznych, petrograficznych, geochemicznych, hydrogeologicznych oraz poszukiwań nowych złóż węgli kamiennych i surowców im towarzyszących.GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS OF THE LOWER SILESIA IN THE LIGHT OF STUDIES OF THE GEOLOGICAL INSTITUTEThe paper presents most important results of studies of Carboniferous rocks of the Lower Silesia, carried out by the staff of the Geological Institute in the years 1947 -1977. The main stratigraphic, tectonic, structural, cartographic, petrographic, geochemical and geological-deposits works are discussed. The most important stratigraphic works include those by H. Żakowa on Upper Visean marine fauna and F. Zimmermann on the Culm and Walbrzych Beds.Biostratigraphy of Lower Carboniferous rocks is fairly well known thanks to the use of palynological methods. The studies conducted by T. Górecka in 1958 - 1969 and continued thereafter by J. Jerzykiewicz, supplied new data for stratigraphic subdivision of the Silesian and Lower Permian.The most important achievements in the field of structural and tectonic studies and cartographic works based on them include the proving of the Late Carboniferous age of volcanism in. the Wałbrzych Basin (A. Grocholski), reinterpretation of cartographic image of geological structure of the area between Walbrzych and Ruda Nowa, and differentiation of several 'sedimentary cycles in the Culm north of Wałbrzych (H. Teisseyre).In the field of petrography and geochemistry, attention should be paid to the characteristics of rock complexes or groups of layers of Upper Carboniferous series.In the field of hydrogeology, the first regional survey of the Walbrzych Basin should be noted.In the field of search for coal· and accompanying raw·materials, attention should be primarily paid to the discovery of a new coal seam at Głuszyca, proving of deposit of argillites, bauxites and ferruginous shales at Nowa Ruda, and delineation of a number of perspective areas of the above mentioned raw materials.Despite of remarkable achievements, several problems remain to be solved. This is especially the case of correlation of Carboniferous rocks of Polish and Bohemian parts of the Mid-Sudetic Depression, introduction of systematic sedimentological studies of individual links of the Silesian and Autunian, and delineation of perspective areas of deposits of rock coal and accompanying raw materials.