Rekonstrukcja warunków paleohydrochemicznych na podstawie składu kationów wymiennych w osadach ilastych
Abstract
Badania zależności między składem kationów zaadsorbowanych przez osady ilaste i składem chemicznym wody pozostającej z nimi w równowadze, a także obserwacje wpływu procesu diagenezy i wietrzenia na kształtowanie się charakteru kationów wymiennych wskazują na możliwość wykorzystania składu tych kationów dla celów rekonstrukcji paleohydrochemicznej. Przedstawiono nowy wariant sporządzania wykresu genetycznego oraz przykłady jego zastosowania. Wyniki badań dają się korelować z analizami składu chemicznego wód porowych oraz danymi z badań paleontologicznych i litostratygraficznych. Dla pełniejszego, udowodnienia przedstawionych tez należy jednak rozpocząć systematyczne badania chemizmu wód porowych oraz składu kationów wymiennych osadów ilastych z różnych regionów geologicznych.RECONSTRUCTION OF PALEOHYDROCHEMICAL CONDITIONS ON THE BASIS OF COMPOSITION OF EXCHANGEABLE CATIONS IN CLAY DEPOSITSThe studies on interdependences between composition of cations adsorbed by clay deposits and chemistry of water remaining in equillibrium with them, and on influence of diagenetic and weathering processes on development of the nature of exchangeable cations suggest possibilities to use the composition of these cations for the purposes of paleohydrochemical reconstructions.On the basis of the results of studies on composition of exchangeable cations in clay deposits differing in age and lithofacies,-published in several papers (Table 4), a genetic model of the composition is proposed (Table 5). Moreover, a new variety of genetic graph for composition of exchangeable cations is introduced with reference to that model (Fig. 2). In that graph, there are differentiated 4 fields characterizing deposits of different sedimentary environments:I - freshwater (1A) and brackish lagoon (1B) reservoirs;II - marine reservoirs with normal salinity or reservoirs with unstable hydrochemical regime;III - marine reservoirs with increased salinity;IV - lagoon reservoirs with increased salinity.The presented examples of the use of the new variety of genetic graph for composition of exchangeable cations (Table 6, Fig. 3) show that the obtained results are correlable with those of chemical analyses and paleontological and lithostratigraphic studies. The proposed method should be most advantageous in studies on terrigenous deposits originating in environments differing in salinity (continental, lagoonal, and marine) as differences in sedimentary conditions should be reflected by composition of exchangeable cations and pore-water chemistry. The knowledge of composition of exchangeable cations and chemistry of pore water and their mutual relations should make possible reconstruction of physico-geographical conditions of origin of a deposit.For more appropriate testing of the above hypothesis, it is necessary to initiate systematic studies on chemistry of pore water and composition of exchangeable cations in clay deposits from different geological regions.Downloads
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as this can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and more frequent citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).