Wahania zwierciadła wód gruntowych w dolinie Wisły dolnej

Authors

  • Marian Perek Polish Geological Institute, Rakowiecka 4, PL-00-975 Warszawa

Abstract

W ramach kompleksowych opracowań geologiczno-inżynierskich dla projektowanej, kaskadowej zabudowy hydrotechnicznej doliny Wisły dolnej prowadzono badania dynamiki zwierciadła czwartorzędowego poziomu wodonośnego w powiązaniu ze zmiennymi stanami wód Wisły. Opisano rozmiary przestrzennego wpływu Wisły na wahania zwierciadła wód gruntowych. Stwierdzono, że na wielu odcinkach doliny zasięg wpływu Wisły na wahania tych wód jest znacznie zróżnicowany, zależnie od składu granulometrycznego i przepuszczalności osadów aluwialnych, spadków hydraulicznych i położenia zwierciadeł wód gruntowych w stosunku do wód rzecznych oraz czasu trwania stanów powodziowych.THE GROUNDWATER LEVEL FLUCTUATION IN THE LOWER VISTULA VALLEY Along the Vistula section between the Narew mouth and the Baltic Sea reservoirs with embankments adapted naturally for local morphological conditions of the lowland - type river valley are planned. Within the complex engineering-geological research program the groundwater level dynamics tests in connection with the Vistula variable water levels were carried out. In the area adjacent to the reservoirs weekly groundwater level measurements were made in the farm wells and piezometres situated distinctly in sections perpendicular to the Vistula. The Lower Vistula Valley is filled mainly with the fluvial, fluvioglacial and stagnant water sediments in form of sands and sandy-gravels. This sediments form the first Quaternary aquifer with a diversified thickness. The sediment surface formed a series of flood-plain benches, river terraces and dunes. An analysis of measurement results unable to determine the magnitude and range of the influence of the Vistula on the groundwater level dynamics. The influence of the Vistula on the groundwater level fluctions is, in many places, significantly diversified, and depends mainly on granulometric composition and porosity of sediments, and gradients of water table. Hence the ranges of the influence of the Vistula On the groundwater level fluctuations in the Lower Vistula Valley are variable and range from 500 to 2500 m. They are restricted mainly to the plains. The largest groundwater level fluctuations are found near flood banks, where they reach up to 4.0 m in many years'period or sometime a year'period. Inside the calley, beyond the Vistula -influenced zone, the groundwater level fluctuation amplitudes reach below 1.2 m.

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Published

2013-04-23

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Articles