Geologiczno-inżynierskie możliwości zakładania zbiorników na paliwa płynne w południowo-wschodniej Polsce

Abstract

 Rozpatrzono możliwości lokalizacji zbiorników podziemnych bez obudowy ścian na ropą naftową i jej produkty w skałach węglanowych kredy górnej na Wyżynie Lubelskiej i terenach przyległych od północy oraz w iłach i iłołupkach mioceńskich zapadliska przedkarpackiego. Na podstawie wydajności wód podziemnych z próbnych pompowań w skałach węglanowych wydzielono strefy A i B, różniące się szczelinowatością i zawodnieniem. Strefa B (skały małospękane – słabozawodnione i niespękane – nieprzepuszczalne), która odpowiada kryterium wykonania wyrobisk bez obudowy ścian, występuje w rejonie wschodnim na głębokości poniżej 100 m, w rejonie środkowym poniżej 150 m oraz w rejonie zachodnim, południowym i północnym poniżej 200 m. Iły zapadliska przedkarpackiego do głębokości 200 m nie stwarzają warunków do lokalizacji zbiorników bez obudowy ścian. GEOLOGICAL-ENGINEERING POSSIBILITIES OF CONSTRUCTION OF LIQUID FUEL RESERVOIRS IN SOUTH-EASTERN POLAND The paper presents results of geological-engineering and hydrogeological studies on possibilities of construction of underground reservoirs for oil and its products in Upper Cretaceous carbonate rocks in the Lublin Upland and adjoining areas and Lower Sarmatian (Tertiary – Miocene) clays and clay shales in the Carpathian Foredeep.In southern part of the studied area, Upper Cretaceous carbonate rocks crop out at the surface or are overlain by thin Quaternary cover, and in the northern they are overlain by thick (up to 170 m thick) cover of water-saturated Tertiary and Quaternary sediments.Test pumping data on groundwater output in exploratory and other wells were used to differentiate two major zones A and B, differing in intensity of fracturing of carbonate rocks and saturation with water. This made possible delineation of a zone matching requirements of a site for underground reservoir for oil and its products.The zone A, characterized by fractured and most strongly water-saturated rocks, is generally situated at depths down to about 100 m in eastern part of the studied area, about 150 m in the central, and about 200 m in the western, southern and northern (Fig. 3). Carbonate rocks are here cut by dense network of fissures of the weathering type, in contact with one another and infilled with water.Beneath the strata of the zone A, there occur those of the zone B: less fractured and suitable for construction of underground reservoir. The zone was further subdivided into two subzones: upper,B1 and lower, B2. The upper one comprises moderately fractured and water-saturated rocks, about 50 m thick, and the lower – unfractured and practically imprevious ones.In the zone B, there may be occasionally found tectonic faults, accompanied by fracturing of rocks and fissures. The best conditions for location of the underground reservoirs are connected with upper part of this zone.In the Carpathian Foredeep, the conditions characteristic of clays of the Tertiary (Miocene) age down to the depth of 200 m appear disadvantageous for construction of the reservoirs without casing. Very quick complete disintegration of the clays under influence of water appears hazardous for mining works conducted without casing of the mine type. Stress in rock massif may here very soon lead to origin of deformations in mining work walls and even to collapses.