Strukturalne uwarunkowania dróg krążenia wgłębnych wód w północno-wschodniej części Lubelskiego Zagłębia Węglowego

Abstract

 Zaprezentowano hipotezę dotyczącą procesów hydraulicznych zachodzących w wodach wgłębnych.O krążeniu wód w północno-wschodniej części Lubelskiego Zagłębia Węglowego decydują, równoległe  do siebie uskoki przesuwcze o przebiegu NW-SE. Poprzez te uskoki, o charakterze rozłamów strukturalnych, zachodzi więź hydrauliczna między poziomami wgłębnymi a poziomem wód  gruntowych.Zasugerowano charakter zagrożeń środowiska naturalnego i eksploatacji górniczej związanych z prezentowanym modelem  hydraulicznym.  STRUCTURAL CONDITIONS OF DEEP GROUNDWATER CIRCULATION PATTERN IN NEPART OF THE LUBLIN COAL BASIN Hydraulic processes which occur within deep aquifers were studied in NE part of the Lublin CoalBasin. These aquifers are related to Cretaceous, Jurassic, Carboniferous and subordinately Devonian series.Spatial distribution of piezometric pressure and total mineralization of waters were analysed basing on the compiled maps (Fig. 3 - 6) and hydrogeological cross-sections (Fig. 7). The following aquifers were examined: bottom one of the Upper Cretaceous, Albian, Jurassic, and Carboniferous one to thedepth of 1000 m only. Pressure and mineralization arrangement have been correlated with the structure of the Mesozoic-Palaeozoic rock massif in this part of the coal basin.Major zones of deep water flow are related to deep fractures oriented NW-SE. Strike-slip movements have occurred along these deep fractures since Palaeozoic. To the depth of 1000 m the prevailingvertical direction is expressed the downward movement of water (descension). Regional flow is directed to NW. In the western blocks of deep fractures, in the Upper Cretaceous rocks there are regional dynamic barriers while the eastern blocks are water permeable. Below in Jurassic and Palaeozoic rocks the blocks on either sides of deep fractures are permeable. Waters in deep fracture zones are fed from the first aquifer situated near the surface. The amount of waters deriving from distant areas increases with depth.Deep situated aquifers are fed laterally from the deep fracture zones. Well permeable Jurassic drainage channels are located on the Palaeozoic subsurface. They drain waters from deep fracture zones as well as transmit waters from distant areas. Together with structural fractures these drainage channels are most important for deep water circulation. Also second order faults which are arranged transversally tothe NW - SE oriented deep fractures are very important for water circulation in hydrostructures of deep aquifers. They developed in Carboniferous deposits at the end of Westphalian. and in Upper Cretaceous deposits during young Alpine orogeny. In Carboniferous deposits the blocks on either sides of the second order faults are permeable. However in Cretaceous deposits the second order faults (oriented W - E) are limited by aquicludes from the south while their northern blocks are permeable. Carboniferous faults as well as Cretaceous ones support recharge of deep aquifers.