Vertebrate tracksites from the Mid-Late Pleistocene eolianites of Portugal: the first record of elephant tracks in Europe
Keywords:
Portugal, Pleistocene, Leporidichnites malhaoi n. isp., Proboscipeda panfamilia, elephant footprints, vertebrate tracksAbstract
This study describes the palaeoichnology of the Malhąo Dune Field (Pleistocene), the first report of vertebrate tracksites from all the Cenozoic from Portugal. At least 14 stratigraphic horizons with mammal and bird footprints and trackways occur, including those of elephants. Concave epirelief footprints produced by elephants show four feet with four toes imprints on each foot and heteropody in a narrow gauge. The presence of three possibly parallel trackways points to gregarious behavior of sub-adults/females of Elephas antiquus. The ichnospecies Proboscipeda panfamilia, found in the Malhąo and Pessegueiro sectors, represents possibly the first Pleistocene elephant trackways, and record one of the latest occurrences of E. antiquus in Europe. The new ichnogenus and ichnospecies Leporidichnites malhaoi igen. et isp. nov., interpreted as lagomorph tracks, are also described.Downloads
Published
2010-03-27
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as this can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and more frequent citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).