Badanie bitumiczności i własności fizycznych skał z wierceń na Niżu Polskim

Abstract

EXAMINATION OF BITUMEN CONTENT AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ROCKS FOUND IN BORE-HOLES IN POLISH LOWLAND

In her paper the author suggest a method of qualitatively defining extracts of trace bitumina - a method which might be useful in geological interpretations during the search for crude oil deposits.

She distinguishes three groups of chemical compounds which are components of these bitumina, namely: long chain paraffins (the so-called hard paraffins), oils (short chain naphthenes and paraffins), and a group containing·aromatic hydrocarbons and the remaining bitumina compounds conventionally called the asphalt group.

Depending on the content of either the above groups determined in the examined bitumina extract, the type of bitumen is called a paraffin, an oil; an asphalt type or a mixed type.

The author also mentions a method of qualitative determination of bitumina in the geochemicaI proffiling of bore-holes. This is a chromatographic method in which a short column packed with activated aluminum oxide is used. The desorbents are petroleum ether and an ethanol-chloroform mixture. One analysis requires approximately one hour. The accuracy of determination varies within the range of 3-4% of the content of the individual components. This accuracy is obtained using ≥ 0.0030 g of the examined sample.

Furthermore, the author discusses the results of her examinations of the individuaI chromatographic fractions, obtained in her spectrophotometric absorption analysis in infrared and ultraviolet light and in the visible part of the spectrum. These examinations were the basis for approximate determinations of the qualitative composition of the investigated bitumina.