Częstość pierwiastków głównych w skałach osadowych Polski (bez Karpat)

Abstract

CLARKS OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS IN SEDIMENTARY ROCKS OF POLAND (EXCEPT FOR THE CARPATHIANS)

Summary

The present authors have analysed the frequency (clarks) of the main elements in sedimentary rooks of Poland (except for the Carpathians) of all systems, from Cambrian to Tertiary inclusive. A rich scientifical material embraced ,16440 chemical analyses of rocks. Clarks of the following elelments have been determined: O, Si, Al, Mg, Ca, Fe, Na, K, C, P, Ti, S, Mn and H.
The analyses have been grouped in four lithological types: clastic and clay rocks, carbonate rocks, siliceous rock and evaporates. The lithological types mentioned above have in turn been arranged in systems, from Cambrian to Tertiary inclusive, and then combined in cycles: I – Cambro-Ordovician-Silurian cycle II – Devonian-Carboniferous-Lower Permian cycle, and III – Zechstein-Mesozoic-Tertiary cycle. Frequency of elements of four lithological types located within the individual cycles is illustrated in Table 2. A grouping of clarks of elements without the subdivision into lithological types in the cycles is presented in Table 3. The frequency of the main elements in the individual types of rocks in the whole section of the sedimentary series in Poland is shown in Table 4. The results obtained have been compared with the clarks of the main elements occurring in the main types of magmatic rocks (according to A. P. Vinogradov), and the carbonate rocks with the clarks presented in an elaboration by J. Green. The results are presented on circle diagrams (Figs. 1–3).
The most important results of the analysis of clarks of elements in the three cycles distinguished, and those of the comparison with the magmatic rocks are as follows:
a – decrease in silicon throughout the earth's history, in favour of other elements, particularly of calcium;
b – similarly as in the case of silicon, a decrease in potassium clarks;
c – generally, aluminum clark is lower than in acid magmatic rocks, however, a lower value of the clark of this element is due to a very low clark in the III cycle;
d – aluminum clark decreases throughout the three cycles with time. Magnesium clark is usually higher than that in acid magmatic rocks, but it decreases also with time;
e – successive increase of clarks of calcium, sulphur and carbon;
f – remarkable increase of chlorine and sodium in the Zechstein-Mesozoic- Tertiary cycle;
g – lack of a consequent development line of sodium, iron, titanium and phosphorus.