Surowce węglanowe malmu Gór Świętokrzyskich - ich zastosowanie i perspektywy

Abstract

MALM CARBONATE RAW MATERIALS OF THE ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE MOUNTAINS, THEIR USE AND PERSPECTIVESSummaryMalm carbonate rocks are the main basis of the entire carbonate raw materials of Poland. Their documented reserves cover almost a half of the whole reserves of this kind in the country. The Malm deposits disclose also the best perspectives as concerns the development of the raw material basis for building purposes and for industry of binding materials. As a criterion for raw material quality was taken here the content of Ca and Mg carbonates, as well as a variation in chemical properties within the section. Three raw material groups have been distinguished here:- limestones (deposits with more than 50% CaO) - that are mineral raw materials for lime-burning and building industries,- marly limestones (CaO contents from 42 to 50%) - that are main mineral raw material for cement industry,- marls (CaO contents from 18 to 42%) - that serve as correction raw material for cement industry.The distribution of these three mineral raw material groups, as well as of the industrially useless reef formations, chalcedonites and arenaceous-marly deposits is shown in Fig. 1. The sections of the mineral raw materials are presented, together with the stratigraphical scheme, in Fig. 2. Chemical compositions of carbonate formations (mineral raw material groups) of the north-eastern margin of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains are presented in Tables 1-3, and 5, and physical properties - in Table 4. Chemical compositions of carbonate formations found to occur in the south-western margin are given in Tables 6-10, and physical properties of limestones - in Table 11. The perspectives of developing the mineral raw material basis in various industrial branches are as follows:- for lime-burning industry, the highest perspectives may be expected to appear in all Malm stages, within the southern part of the south-western margin; in the Astartian and Kimmeridgian deposits found to occur in the vicinity of Przedbórz; as well as in the Astartian deposits of the southern part of the north-eastern margin,- for cement industry, the highest perspectives exist in the northern parts of both margins, mainly at the Astartian-Kimmeridgian boundary,- for building and road construction material industries, the best development chances are in the Oxfordian and Rauracian deposits in the southern part of the south-western margin.