Rozwiązywanie wybranych problemów geologicznych obszaru południowobałtyckiego na podstawie profilowania upadu warstw

Marian Kielt

Abstract


Otworowa aparatura geofizyczna typu DDL-1, wyposażona w zestaw sond kompleksowych, pozwala na wykonanie m.in. następujących profilowań geofizycznych: PG, PGGg, PNN, PAP, PI i PUW. Spośród nich dominującą rolę pod względem zawartości informacji geologicznych odgrywa profilowanie upadu warstw. Omówiono rolę i miejsce pomiarów PUW w kompleksie profilowań geofizycznych oraz przedstawiono praktyczne wyniki ich zastosowania do rozwiązywania wybranych problemów geologicznych zarówno w pojedynczych otworach, jak i w skali regionalnej. Oszczędność czasu, mimo znacznego zwiększenia liczby profilowań geofizycznych, wykonywanie interpretacji złożowej i geologicznej tuż po zakończeniu pomiarów oraz możliwo wpływu na zmniejszenie liczby negatywnych wierceń, poprzez odpowiednie wykorzystanie wyników interpretacji pomiarów PUW, świadczą o dużych praktycznych możliwościach nowoczesnych cyfrowych aparatur karotażowych.

 

Solution to the selected geological problems of the Southern Baltic area with the use of dip logging

Possibilities are presented in obtaining geological information by the use of the modern measuring equipment type DDL-1, comprising 9 logging combains, that among others allow to carry out the: gamma - ray, gamma - gamma (density), neutron - neutron, acoustic velocity, inductive, and dip loggins. Such a set of logging allows to measure the following petrophysical parameters: natural gamma radiation, intensity volume density, porosity, conductivity-resistance, interval transit time, and dip angle and azimuth. Amongs the above methods the dominant role, in respect of geological information content, plays dip logging.

The dip logging was carried out in the underwater boreholes situated in the Southern Baltic, with the use of the four armed dipmeter type FED. In 1980-1988, W.O. Petrobaltic carried out dip logging in 25 boreholes with a total section of over 33.000 m (Fig. 1).

Various information in the field of structural geology, sedimentology and tectonics reflects upon well logging. In other words well loggings are a set of coded geological information on sedimentation and post-sedimentation history of a given region. The aim of the complex geological interpretation of well logging in singular boreholes is decoding geological information comprising in logging data.

Decoding may be obtained by selection of the adequate modes of well logging interpretation (Tab. 1). The precondition to carry out geological interpretation of well logging is the presence of horizons and contrasts in bedding in each complex of sedimentary rocks. From a point of view of geological interpretation, each borehole cuts a set of so called geological planes with various geological genesis and a complex of lithophysical units situated between geological planes.

The paper presents the following subjects:

a - the role and location of dip logging in the well logging complex (Figs. 2 - 5);

b - the use of standard well logging and dip logging to solve the following geological problems in singular boreholes:

-          separation of disconformities, lithophysical units and sedimentary complexes (Figs. 6 - 10),

-          determination of directions of dip of eruptive rock beds and thermically changed zones (Fig. 11),

-          separation of faults (Fig. 12),

-          determination of genesis of sediments and conditions of their sedimentation (Figs. l3 -16),

c - the use of dip logging to solve geological problems in regional scale (Fig. 17).

Time saving despite of considerable increasing the quantity of well loggings, carrying out of the deposit and geological interpretation just after measurements, and possibilities of influence on decreasing the quantity of negative drillings by a proper use of dip logging interpretation data manifest good practical possibilities of the modern well logging equipment.

 


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